6th semester Botany Plant Breeding And Genetic important mcqs

) Who among the following rediscovered Mendel’s laws of genetics?

(A) De Vries

(B) Carl Correns

(C) Tschermark

(D) All of the above

Correct Answer :­ All of the above

2) For genetical units, Mendel used the word _______ and Correns called them as _______.

(A) Factors, Elements

(B) Elements, Factors

(C) Gene, Exon

(D) Exon, Gene

Correct Answer : ­Elements, Factors  

3) Altman (1892), referred to the mitochondria as­

(A) Bioplast

(B) Power house of cell

(C) Thermoplast

(D) None of above

Correct Answer :­ Bioplast  

4) The genetic code (Triplet) is­

(A) Degenerate

(B) Ambiguous

(C) Degenerate and Ambiguous both

(D) None of above

Correct Answer :­ Degenerate 

5) A triplet genetic code was first suggested by.

(A) Johansson

(B) Gamow

(C) Watson

(D) Crick

Correct Answer :­ Gamow 

6) Watson & Crick (1953), explained double helical structure of DNA with the help of­

(A) HPLC

(B) X­ray diffraction

(C) Thermocycler

(D) Southern Blotting

Correct Answer :­ X­ray diffraction  

7) In a double helical DNA molecule the two helices have a distance of­

(A) 3.4 

(B) 20 

(C) 34 

(D) 10 

Correct Answer :­34   

8) Temin and Baltimore (1975), discovered reverse transcription in­

(A) HIV

(B) Rous Sarcoma Virus

(C) Hepatitis­ B Virus

(D) None of above

Correct Answer :­Rous Sarcoma Virus  

9) Euchromatin region of chromosomes is considered genetically active because is this region­

(A) Transcription of RNA from DNA takes place

(B) Darker Staining takes place

(C) Lighter staining taker place

(D) All of the above

Correct Answer :­Transcription of RNA from DNA takes place

  

10) Diploid number of chromosome is Ophioglossum is.

(A) 1600

(B) 1262

(C) 631

(D) 2400

Correct Answer :­1262

) In Mendel’s trihybrid experiment, F2 Phenotypic ratio was­

(A) 9:3:3:1

(B) 27:9:9:9:3:3:3:1

(C) 27:27:27:9:9:9

(D) 9:9:9:3:3:1

Correct Answer :­ 27:9:9:9:3:3:3:1 

12) A type of dominance relation in which the phenotype of heterozygote is more extreme than that of either homozygous parent, is known as­

(A) Incomplete dominance

(B) Over dominance

(C) Co­dominance 

(D) None of above

Correct Answer :­ Over dominance

13) Which one is a test cross­

(A) TT x Tt

(B) Tt x Tt

(C) TT x TT

(D) Tt x tt

Correct Answer :­Tt x tt 

14) The term ‘Crossing Over’ was first introduced by­

(A) Bateson & Punnet

(B) Morgan & Castle (1912)

(C) Janssen (1909)

(D) Sutton & Boveri

Correct Answer :­ Morgan & Castle (1912) 

15) According to C.B. Bridges (1925), if the sex index value (X/A) in drosophila is 0.5 or less then the offspring will be.

(A) Male

(B) Female

(C) Both male and female

(D) None of these

Correct Answer :­ Male 

16) Genes that are carried on the same chromosome are called­

(A) Linked Genes

(B) Unlinked Genes

(C) Dominant genes

(D) Recessive Genes

Correct Answer :­ Linked Genes 

17) When the duplicated gene sequence is attached to another position owning to inter chromosomal duplication then it is known as­

(A) Inversion

(B) Transposed Duplication

(C) Direct Tandem Duplication

(D) None of the above

Correct Answer :­ Transposed Duplication 

18) Mutation which occurs during DNA replication is called­

(A) Frame Shift Mutation

(B) Copy Error Mutation

(C) Spontaneous Mutation

(D) None of the above

Correct Answer :­ Copy Error Mutation  

19) The Genome D present in bread wheat is supposed to have been derived from­

(A) Aegilops Squarrosa

(B) Aegilops Speltoides

(C) Triticum Monococcum

(D) None of the above

Correct Answer :­ Aegilops Squarrosa  

20) Split genes are found in­

(A) Eukaryotes

(B) Prokaryotes

(C) Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes Both 

(D) None of the above

Correct Answer :­ Eukaryotes

21) Who discovered split gene ?

(A) P. Chambor

(B) Johanssen

(C) P. Leader

(D) P.Sharp and R.Roberts

Correct Answer :­P.Sharp and R.Roberts 

22) Rate of mutation in nature is­

(A) 1x105

(B) 1x108

(C) 1x10­5

(D) 1x1012

Correct Answer :­1x10­5 

23) Artificial synthesis of mRNA was done by ?

(A) M.Nirenberg (1951)

(B) H.G. Khurana

(C) Okha (1955)

(D) F. Griffith

Correct Answer :­H.G. Khurana 

24) Role of ‘Single Stranded Binding’ (SSB) protein in DNA replication is­

(A) Separator Primer

(B) Stabilizes Unwounded DNA

(C) Prevents Supercoiling

(D) None of above

Correct Answer :­Stabilizes Unwounded DNA  

25) Clover leaf model of t­RNA was proposed by.

(A) Nirenberg & Mathai

(B) Robert Holley

(C) Okha

(D) H.G.Khurana

Correct Answer :­Robert Holley 

26) In DNA replication the Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand are joined together by.

(A) Helicase

(B) DNA Ligase

(C) DNA Polymerase

(D) Correct Answer :­DNA Ligase 

27) According to Meselson & Stahl experiment of DNA replication, DNA molecules are centrifuged in CsCl density gradient, they separate on the basis of ?

(A) Mass Number 

(B) Volume

(C) Density

(D) All of above

Correct Answer :­All of above 

28) In meiosis, chromosomes are reduplicated during­

(A) Prophase I

(B) Prophase II

(C) Interphase

(D) Inter Kinesis

Correct Answer :­Interphase 

29) After a m­RNA has been translated and leaves the ribosome or polysome, it is.?

(A) Dehydrated

(B) Degraded

(C) Dehydrolysed

(D) Oxidised

Correct Answer :­Degraded 

30) In mitosis, just after duplication, the two sister chromatids remain attached at­

(A) Spindle

(B) Asters

(C) Centromere

(D) Centrioles

Correct Answer :­ Centromere 

31)If at the end of meiosis, the four daughter cells have four chromosomes, how many chromosomes were in mother cell?

(A) 8

(B) 16

(C) 4

(D) 2

Correct Answer :­2 

32) Human blood groups (A, B, AB, & O) are example of­

(A) Gradient of diploidy

(B) Cline

(C) Transposon

(D) Multiple allelism

Correct Answer :­Multiple allelism  

33)A potential danger to a population that has been greatly reduced in number is the

(A) Hardy Weinberg disequilibrium

(B) Loss of Genetic Variability

(C) Reduced Gene Flow

(D) All of above

Correct Answer :­Loss of Genetic Variability 

34) Variation arises by­

(A) Gene Mutation

(B) Recombination

(C) Chromosomal Mutation

(D) All of above

Correct Answer :­ All of above 

35)The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment, is termed as­

(A) Evolution

(B) Adaptation

(C) Fitness

(D) All of above

Correct Answer :­Fitness 

36) Prolonged inbreeding can lead to­

(A) Increased Fertility

(B) Reduced Fertility

(C) Natural Selection

(D) All of above

Correct Answer :­Reduced Fertility 

37) An Allopolyploid can reproduce with individuals from­

(A) Neither Paternal nor maternal population

(B) Its Maternal Population

(C) Its Paternal Population

(D) Both Maternal and paternal population

Correct Answer :­Neither Paternal nor maternal population

38) The lac Z gene in lac operon codes for­

(A) Repressor Protein

(B) Galactosidase

(C) Permease

(D) Transacetylase

Correct Answer :­ ­Galactosidase 

39) In trp operon, trp B and trp A genes codes for­

(A) B­Galactosidase

(B) Tryptophan Synthase

(C) Anthranilate Synthase

(D) All of the above

Correct Answer :­Tryptophan Synthase 

40) The DNA repair system found to be most active are­

(A) SOS

(B) Photo reactivation

(C) Excision

(D) All of the above

Correct Answer :­All of the above 

41)The generation of nuclear mRNA from precursor RNA requires the activity of­

(A) Spliceosomes

(B) Endonuclease

(C) Exonuclease

(D) Supersolenoid

Correct Answer :­Spliceosomes 

42) Plasmids which may integrate into the bacterial chromosomes are called­

(A) Conjugative Plasmids

(B) R­Plasmids

(C) Episomes

(D) F­Plasmids

Correct Answer :­Episomes 

43) Heritable change in gene expression that does not involve change in underlying

DNA is termed as­

(A) Eugenics

(B) Epigenetics

(C) Phytogenetic

(D) Genetic Engineering

Correct Answer :­Epigenetics 

44) In Sickle­cell syndrome, the amino acid substituted is.

(A) Glutamic acid by valine in ­chain

(B) Valine by glutamic acid in ­chain

(C) Glutamic acid by valine in ­chain

(D) None of the above

Correct Answer :­Glutamic acid by valine in ­chain

45) Which of the following is a recessive trait in garden pea.

(A) Round Seeds

(B) Tall sterm

(C) Wrinkled Seeds

(D) Coloured Seed Coat

Correct Answer :­Wrinkled Seeds 

46) Which country was first to begin commercial use of transgenic tomato & tobacco?

(A) India

(B) America

(C) China

(D) Canada

Correct Answer :­China 

47) In India Inter­ministerial committee to decide commercial use of GMO5 is ­

(A) GEAC

(B) DBT

(C) DST

(D) EPA

Correct Answer :­GEAC 

48) The first genome sequenced was ?

(A) Haenophilus influence

(B) E. coli

(C) Tobacco

(D) None

Correct Answer :­Haenophilus influence 

49) The genetic exchange between different evolutionary linkages is referred to as:­

(A) Horizontal gene transfer

(B) Lateral gene transfer

(C) Horizontal gene transfer and Lateral gene transfer both 

(D) None of above

Correct Answer :­Horizontal gene transfer and Lateral gene transfer both  

50) Most comprehensive database for SNP5 is:­

(A) EMBL

(B) SWISS PROT

(C) HGBASE 

(D) Mito

Correct Answer :­HGBASE 

) The oldest method of plant breeding is­

(A) Introduction

(B) Hybridization

(C) Selection

(D) None of above

Correct Answer :­Selection 

62) Method of selection in plants showing vegetative propagation is:­

(A) Pedigree selection

(B) Pure line selection

(C) Clonal selection

(D) Mass selection

Correct Answer :­Clonal selection 

63) The best way to obtain bacteria and virus free plants through tissue culture is­

(A) Micro propagation

(B) Seed germination after gamma irradiation 

(C) Shoot tip culture

(D) All of above

Correct Answer :­Micro propagation

  

64) The hybrid progeny of cytoplasmic male sterile plants would be?

(A) Hermaphrodite

(B) Male sterile

(C) Female sterile

(D) All of these 

Correct Answer :­Male sterile 

65) The process involving inspection, fumigation and growing the introduced plant material in isolation is known as

(A) Acclimatization

(B) Quarantine

(C) Adaptation

(D) All of above

Correct Answer :­Quarantine 

66) If the introduction of any wild species or land cultivation is done, for developing genetically improved variety, by selection or cross hybridization, it is referred to as:­

(A) Primary Introduction

(B) Secondary Introduction

(C) Modification

(D) None of the above

Correct Answer :­Secondary Introduction 

67) Which of the following varieties of wheat was selected from one of the variety of CIMMYT, Mexico) ?

(A) Sonora 64

(B) Lerma roso

(C) Kalyan Sona

(D) All of the above

Correct Answer :­Kalyan Sona 

68) Which of the following weeds have been introduced in India from other countries along with plant materials ?

(A) Argemone Mexicana

(B) Eicchornea crassipes

(C) Parthenium

(D) All of above

Correct Answer :­All of above 

69) Pure line selection is also called­

(A) Inbred selection

(B) Progeny selection

(C) Single line selection

(D) All of above

Correct Answer :­All of above 

70) Mutation frequency during plant breeding depends on­

(A) Dose (concentration × time)

(B) Temperature 

(C) pH Value 

(D) All of the above

Correct Answer :­All of the above 

) Induction of polyploidy in potato is achieved by treating with?

(A) Lanolin Paste

(B) Colchicine

(C) X­rays

(D) None of these

Correct Answer :­Colchicine

72) Kufri Alankar, Kufri Chamatkar, up­to­date are important varieties of?

(A) Okra

(B) Capsicum

(C) Potato

(D) Rice

Correct Answer :­Potato 

73) Which of the following in not fusarium wilt resistance variety of chick pea?

(A) Radhey

(B) Gaurav

(D) Vijay

Correct Answer :­Gaurav 

74) A quantitative trait locus (QTL)?

(A) Contains a known gene which affects a polygenic trait

(B) Contains a single gene which affects a polygenic trait

(C) Contrast all of the variation for a polygenic trait

(D) None of these

Correct Answer :­None of these  

75) What would be the colors of hulls of wheat plants heterozygous for all three hull colors Loci?

(A) Light red

(B) Dark red

(C) Medium red

(D) All of above

Correct Answer :­Medium red 

76) Dominance can easily confused with over dominance if?

(A) SNP5 are involved

(B) QTL5 are involved

(C) rDNA is involved

(D) None of these

Correct Answer :­QTL5 are involved  

77) When two or more events occur simultaneously. They are called­

(A) Independent events

(B) Simple events

(C) Compound events

(D) All of above

Correct Answer :­Compound events  

78) When the probability is calculated on the basis of reasoning even before any trail or experiment it is called?

(A) Mathematical Probability

(B) Apriori Probability

(C) Both the above

(D) None of these

Correct Answer :­Apriori Probability 

79) PBR322 is an example of­

(A) Shuttle Vector

(B) Phage Vector

(C) Plasmid Vector

(D) Cosmid Vector

Correct Answer :­Plasmid Vector 

80) Which pair is right?

(A) Multi Copy Plasmid

(B) Relaxed Replication

(C) Simple Copy Plasmid

(D) Relaxed Replication

Multiply Plasmid

Stringent Replication

None of these

Correct Answer :­Multi Copy Plasmid ­ Relaxed Replication

) tetr, kanr are example of ­

(A) Marker genes

(B) Cos ­Site

(C) Ori site

(D) All of above

Correct Answer :­Marker genes 

82) Cosmids are prepared by inserting______of phage into a ______ .

(A) T­DNA, Plasmid

(B) Cos­Site, Plasmid

(C) Genome, Plasmid

(D) None of these

Correct Answer :­Cos­Site, Plasmid

83) Isolation of B+ gene from B thuringiensis was done by ?

(A) Barton et al (1987)

(B) Venter et al (1998)

(C) Baltimore

(D) Braun

Correct Answer :­Barton et al (1987) 

84) Isozymes analysis of hybrid verification employs­

(A) Starch gene

(B) Polyacrylamide gene

(C) Starch gene and Polyacrylamide gene both

(D) None of these

Correct Answer :­Starch gene and Polyacrylamide gene both

  

85) In Haploid culture, chromosome duplication without nuclear division taker place it is known as ?

(A) Eumitosis

(B) Endomitosis

(C) Cloning

(D) All of the above

Correct Answer :­Endomitosis 

86) Immobilized cell systems uses _______ for cell immobilization.

(A) Calcium alginate

(B) Agarose Beads

(C) Calcium alginate and Agarose Beads both

(D) None of these

Correct Answer :­Calcium alginate and Agarose Beads both  

87) Intron are absent in ..?

(A) Zein Storage genes of maize

(B) Soybean Protein Genes

(C) Zein Storage genes of maize and Soybean Protein Genes both

(D) None of these

Correct Answer :­Zein Storage genes of maize and Soybean Protein Genes both

  

88) Cryopreservation is the storage of material at ultra­low temperature­by.

(A) Very Rapid Cooling

(B) Gradual Cooling

(C) Gradual Cooling & Simultaneous Dehydration at Low Temperature

(D) All of the above

Correct Answer :­ All of the above

89) Electrophoretic separation of DNA molecules, several megabases in size, achieved by ?

(A) PFGE

(B) FISH

(C) SDS­PAGE

(D) None of these

Correct Answer :­PFGE 

90) Confirmation of DNA transformation in rDNA teachnology can be done with the help of­

(A) Western Blotting

(B) Southern Blotting

(C) PFGE

(D) PCR

Correct Answer :­Southern Blotting  

) Which of the following is type I restriction endonuclease?

(A) E co K

(B) E co B

(C) Alu I

(D) E co K and E co B both 

Correct Answer :­E co K and E co B both 

  

92) Which of the following is DNA modifying enzymes?

(A) Kinase

(B) DNA Polymerase

(C) Alkaline Phosphatase

(D) All of above

Correct Answer :­All of above

93) Cloning large piece of DNA can be achieved by­

(A) Phase

(B) Cosmids

(C) YAC5

(D) All of above

Correct Answer :­All of above 

94) Amplification buffer for PCR reaction contains

(A) KCL

(B) Tris CL

(C) 1.5 mm MgCl2

(D) All of the above

Correct Answer :­All of the above 

95) Co­dominent marker not used in MAS methot of plant breading is­?

(A) SSR

(B) SNP

(C) ASLP

(D) All of the above

Correct Answer :­ASLP 

96) RFLP­QTL linkage relationship can be studied in­

(A) Self Pollinated Species 

(B) Among Inbred Lines in Cross­Pollinated Species

(C) Self Pollinated Species and Among Inbred Lines In Cross­ Pollinated Species both

(D) None of these

Correct Answer :­Self Pollinated Species and Among Inbred Lines In Cross­ Pollinated Species both  

97) QTLS for root traits are being used to develop high yielding draught resistant in ?

(A) Rice

(B) Maize

(C) Rice and Maize both

(D) None of these

Correct Answer :­Rice and Maize both  

98) Gene silencing is caused by?

(A) DNA methylation

(B) Co­Suppression

(C) Antisense RNA

(D) All of above

Correct Answer :­All of above 

99) Genes conferring insect resistance to plants are?

(A) Bt gene

(B) ipt gene

(C) Pht gene

(D) All of above

Correct Answer :­All of above 

100) Hepatitis B surface antigen has been expressed in tobacco to­

(A) Induce Immunity Against HB5 Ag

(B) Induce Hepatitis B in Tobacco

(C) Induce Immunity Against HB5 Ag and Induce Hepatitis B in Tobacco/HB5 Ag 

(D) None of these

Correct Answer :­ Induce Immunity Against HB5 Ag/ HB5 Ag