The very word statistics refers to .........................
A. state craft
B. science of state
C. political state
D. political craft
Discussion
C. political state
2. ‘Arthashastra’ provides statistical facts about .............. in the country.
A. state administration
B. population statistics
C. fact of day-to-day life
D. all of the above
Discussion
A. state administration
3. The prominent meaning of ‘statistics’...............
A. data, its analysis and interpretation
B. observation of samples
C. method for analysing numers
D. conducting census
Discussion
A. data, its analysis and interpretation
4. As a plural noun, who defined statistics very adquetely and realistically?
A. webster
B. bowley
C. a.m. tuttle
D. secrist
Discussion
C. a.m. tuttle
5. Who stated statistics as “aggregate of knowledge brought together forpractical ends?
A. w.i. king
B. a.l. bowley
C. prof. h. secrist
D. none of the above
Discussion
D. none of the above
6. “Statistics are effected to a marked extend by .....................”
A. aggregate of facts
B. multiplicity of causes
C. numerically stated
D. complex manifestations
Discussion
B. multiplicity of causes
7. Quantitative characteristic includes ..........................
A. beauty
B. emotion
C. intelligence
D. data
Discussion
D. data
8. Data is collected with reasonable standard of ..............
A. numerical method
B. feasibility
C. accuracy
D. all the above
Discussion
C. accuracy
9. Statistics is one of those sciences which are only indicative of a trend,therefore .......................
A. it is probabilistic than deterministic
B. it is deterministic than probabilistic
C. a definite date collection method is unnecessary
D. data sources should be clear
Discussion
A. it is probabilistic than deterministic
10. The definition of various terms, units of collection and measurementhelp ensuring that ...............................
A. analysis is easy
B. method is systematic and empirical
C. construction of conclusion is easy
D. data is relevant to the purpose
Discussion
D. data is relevant to the purpose
11. Statistics should be capable of .................................
A. empiricism
B. systematic inquiry
C. comparison
D. evaluation
Discussion
C. comparison
12. What characteristic does statistics emphasises, as a Method or as asingular noun?
A. descriptive
B. analytical
C. inferential
D. comparative
Discussion
A. descriptive
13. According to Lincoln.L.Chao, what is the primary objective of modernstatistics?
A. presentation of data
B. collection of quantitative data
C. assisting in making decisions
D. summarization of data
Discussion
C. assisting in making decisions
14. ................... guides from the planning stage to the stage of drawing offinal conclusions
A. numerical facts
B. statistical methods
C. data
D. none of the above
Discussion
B. statistical methods
15. Which characteristic of the following is not belonging to, ‘statistics as amethod’?
A. a tool of analysis
B. helps processing the raw
C. descriptive nature
D. processing done by systematic analysis & interpretation.
Discussion
C. descriptive nature
16. Which of the following is not an example of the functions of statistics?
A. average
B. intelligence quotient (iq)
C. diagram
D. x2 test
Discussion
B. intelligence quotient (iq)
17. What does statistics of distribution indicates?
A. consumer preference
B. strength of the desire of people
C. wealth of nation
D. economic conditions of people
Discussion
D. economic conditions of people
18. Which of the following index numbers is an important statistical conceptin economic theory?
A. per capita income
B. cost of living
C. gross national product
D. maximum retail price
Discussion
B. cost of living
19. The Govt. Administration is done through ............. which are formulatedon statistical basis
A. effective planning
B. budgets
C. policies
D. none of the above
Discussion
B. budgets
20. National sample survey scheme is an example for .................
A. government policy
B. planning
C. population analysis
D. business
Discussion
B. planning
21. What are the two broad functions of statistical methods in Social Research?
A. description and summarizing
B. description and indication
C. description and induction
D. applied mathematics and induction
Discussion
C. description and induction
22. What does Social Researchers seek out of vast and confusing variety ofindividual characters?
A. generalizations
B. decisions
C. single events
D. group characteristics
Discussion
D. group characteristics
23. What is the reason for the necessity of statistics in the field of socialsciences?
A. simplification and quantitative approach
B. knowledge acquisition and description
C. easiness and analytical
D. all the above
Discussion
A. simplification and quantitative approach
24. Which among the following is a material for statistics?
A. honesty
B. poverty
C. wisdom
D. numerical data
Discussion
D. numerical data
25. (i) Statistical laws are not exact
(ii) Statistics reveals the entire story
Choose the correct from the following:
A. both the statements are correct
B. only the first statement is correct
C. only the second statement is correct
D. both the statements are wrong
Discussion
B. only the first statement is correct
26. Which among the following is not a merit of the census method?
A. results are representative
B. information on rare events
C. results are reliable
D. in appropriate method for enumeration
Discussion
D. in appropriate method for enumeration
27. What is the reason for dropping the enumeration process?
A. cost is prohibitive
B. time consuming
C. large efforts
D. all the above
Discussion
D. all the above
28. What embodies sampling?
A. haphazard selection
B. numbers
C. definite rules
D. accuracy
Discussion
C. definite rules
29. The basic objective of sampling study is ........................
A. to draw inference
B. to check units of population
C. to collect numerical data
D. to make census
Discussion
C. to collect numerical data
30. The Mathematical theory of probability has helped to form the ..............
A. statistical theory
B. law of inertia of large numbers
C. law of statistical relativity
D. law of statistical regularity
Discussion
A. statistical theory
. How did king relate the statistical Regularity and Random sampling?
A. sampling is not related to calculation
B. sample chosen possess some features of the whole
C. chosen sample can follow the statistical methods
D. none of the above
Discussion
B. sample chosen possess some features of the whole
32. What is the characteristic of the sample which is selected randomly?
A. it is not average of the whole
B. it would be representative
C. it would not be equal to the population
D. all the above
Discussion
B. it would be representative
33. When someone studies about the average height of the students of a
particular university, which way will be selected from the following, for
more accurate results?
A. take the measurement of all the students in the university
B. select some students randomly from some colleges
C. select randomly from every colleges
D. select all the students from some colleges
Discussion
C. select randomly from every colleges
34. The Law of Inertia of Large Numbers means ..........................
A. opposite of the law of statistical regularity
B. same to the law of statistical regularity
C. sample in large numbers create big variations in results
D. opposite to the mathematical theory of probability
Discussion
B. same to the law of statistical regularity
35. To study the variation in the production of rice over a number of years,
select from the following, the appropriate sample for drawing results
that reflects only small variations?
A. collect data from some states
. Which among the following is not an essential of sampling?
A. representativeness
B. complete
C. same
D. dependent
Discussion
D. dependent
37. “More reliable results can be obtained through sampling method”,because ……........
A. statistical error is low
B. saves time
C. cost is low
D. none of the above
Discussion
A. statistical error is low
38. (i) Judging a person is an example for random sampling method
(ii) Blood taken for testing is an example for sampling method
Choose the correct from the following:
A. both the statements are correct
B. both the statements are wrong
C. only the first statement is correct
D. only the second statement is correct
Discussion
A. both the statements are correct
39. Which among the following is the sensible theory of sampling?
A. induction
B. inertia
C. regularity
D. none of the above
Discussion
A. induction
40. “Equal chances of being included in the sample”, about what doesDr. Yates and Harper defined like this?
A. stratified sampling
B. probability sampling
C. proportional sampling
D. none of these
Discussion
B. probability sampling
41. Who own the random number table which comprising of 15,000 digitsarranged in twos?
A. kendall and b.b. smith
B. l.h.c. tippet
C. british census report
D. fisher and yates
Discussion
D. fisher and yates
42. Non-proportional random sampling is a sub-type of ....................
A. unrestricted random sampling
B. simple random sampling
C. stratified random sampling
D. cluster random sampling
Discussion
C. stratified random sampling
43. When the population is badly effected, which type of sampling isappropriate?
A. systematic sampling
B. stratified sampling
C. cluster sampling
D. none of the above
Discussion
B. stratified sampling
44. ............ sampling introduced its ability to change in accordance with thechanging situations.
A. multistage
B. judgement
C. deliberate
D. systematic
Discussion
A. multistage
45. Quota sampling is the combination of ............. and ............... Sampling
A. purposive and deliberate
B. purposive and systematic
C. stratified and systematic
D. purposive and stratified
Discussion
D. purposive and stratified
46. Snowball smpling is used for data collection through ...............
A. connecting relations
B. small population
C. representatives
D. none of the above
Discussion
A. connecting relations
47. Choose the advantage of snowball sampling from the following
A. population is not seen
B. total size of population is not known
C. researcher’s acquaintance influence the research
D. contradicts with conventional nations
Discussion
A. population is not seen
48. ‘A text Book of Statistics’ is written by ............................
A. s.p. gupta
B. p.l. bhandarkar, t.s wilkinson
C. pauline v. young
D. l.r. potti
Discussion
D. l.r. potti
49. ………… is the short summary of the technical report which is preparedby a Doctoral students.
A. research article
B. research report
C. interim report
D. research report
Discussion
D. research report
50. ………………… is a narrative and authoritative document on the outcomeof research effort.
A. research proposal
B. summary report
C. synopsis
D. research report
Discussion
A. research proposal
B. collect data from all the states
C. collect data from one or two states
D. collect data from more than half the number of states
Discussion
B. collect data from all the states
. It provides systematic knowledge on problem and issues analysed.
A. research report
B. research abstract
C. research proposal
D. research design
Discussion
A. research report
52. The ……… of a set of observations or scores is obtained by dividing thesum of all the values by the total number of values
A. mean
B. median
C. mode
D. dispersion
Discussion
A. mean
53. ……………….. is a measure of position rather than of magnitude.
A. mode
B. median
C. mean
D. range
Discussion
B. median
54. The most frequently occurring score in a distribution.
A. mean
B. mode
C. median
D. quartile
Discussion
B. mode
55. ……………… provide a shorthand summary of data.
A. frequency table
B. simple table
C. cross table
D. two way table.
Discussion
A. frequency table
56. …………… is a process of summarizing raw data and displaying them oncompact statistical tables for further analysis.
A. statistical analysis
B. data processing
C. tabulation
D. table construction
Discussion
C. tabulation
57. ……… is constructed by erecting vertical lines on the limits of the classintervals marked on the base line
A. frequency polygon
B. histogram
C. line graph
D. bar charts
Discussion
B. histogram
58. ……………. are the most effective pictorial device for comparing data.
A. bar charts
B. graphs
C. pictograms
D. diagramme
Discussion
C. pictograms
59. …… is a line chart plotted on arithmetic graph paper from a cumulativefrequency distribution that may be cumulated downward or upward.
A. lorenz curve
B. bar charts
C. ogive
D. pictograms
Discussion
C. ogive
60. The values are represented by identical symbol or pictures.
A. barcharts
B. pictograms
C. circle charts
D. graphs
Discussion
B. pictograms
61. A single value that represent the average characteristic of its frequencydistribution
A. quartiles
B. grouped data
C. central tendency
D. range
Discussion
C. central tendency
62. The extent of variability is measured by …………………
A. central tendency
B. measures of dispersion
C. arithmetic mean
D. co–relation
Discussion
B. measures of dispersion
63. ………… measures the difference between the highest and lowest scoresof a distribution
A. range
B. dispersion
C. co-relation
D. regression
Discussion
A. range
64. Academic community is otherwise called
A. general public
B. target audience
C. participant audience
D. scientific community
Discussion
D. scientific community
65. ……………… is a succinct statement of the findings of the project
A. proposal
B. abstract
C. project
D. report
Discussion
B. abstract
66. ……… provides a summary of the current state of knowledge in the areaof investigation
A. introduction
B. analysis
C. conceptual framework
D. review of literature
Discussion
D. review of literature
67. ………………….. is the first page of research report
A. introduction
B. title page
C. acknowledgement
D. declaration
Discussion
B. title page
68. …….. is a process of checking to detect and correct errors and omissions
A. processing
B. analysis
C. editing
D. coding
Discussion
C. editing
69. ……………… is a trial test of a specific aspect of the study
A. plan of the study
B. design of the study
C. pie test
D. hypothesis
Discussion
B. design of the study
70. …… an abstract symbol representing an object or a certain phenomenon
A. definition
B. concepts
C. objectivity
D. hypothesis
Discussion
B. concepts
71. …………………. is the response to code its response
A. tabulation
B. coding
C. classification
D. analysis
Discussion
C. classification
72. The recording of the data is done on the basis of the scheme
A. coding
B. tabulation
C. classification
D. analysis
Discussion
A. coding
73. It is a process of checking to detect and correct errors and omissions
A. coding
B. editing
C. analysis
D. classification
Discussion
B. editing
74. …………….. is commonly used for presenting the sectional distribution ofany other type of simple percentage distribution
A. pictogram
B. pie chart
C. line graph
D. bar chart
Discussion
B. pie chart
75. …… is an intermediary process between data coding and data tabulation
A. analysis
B. editing
C. transcription
D. reporting
Discussion
C. transcription
. ……………………….. is a declarative statement combining concepts.
A. theory
B. reviews
C. hypothesis
D. variables
Discussion
C. hypothesis
77. …………… helps making estimations or generalizations from the resultsof sample surveys.
A. statistical analysis
B. hypothesis
C. classifications
D. tabulation
Discussion
A. statistical analysis
78. …………………….. is an organized inquiry
A. scientific method
B. experimental study
C. research
D. social science research
Discussion
C. research
79. ………………. is drawn on the basis of cumulative frequencies
A. cumulative frequency polygon
B. frequency polygon
C. histogram
D. graphs
Discussion
A. cumulative frequency polygon
80. ………… is a plan, structure and strategy of investigations so conceivedas to obtain answers to research problem
A. research plan
B. research proposal
C. research design
D. research methodology
Discussion
C. research design
81. Any variable that is responsive for bringing about a change is called an………….. variable
A. dependent
B. independent
C. control
D. interdependent
Discussion
B. independent
82. An image, perception or concept that is capable of measurement iscalled a ………….
A. attribute
B. theory
C. paradigm
D. variable
Discussion
D. variable
83. …………… is a purposeful systematic and selective way of watching andlistening to an interaction
A. observation
B. interview
C. focus group
D. participant observation
Discussion
A. observation
84. Preface include in the …………… section
A. reference
B. preliminary
C. body of the report
D. content section
Discussion
B. preliminary
85. ……………… is the first of the terminal items presented at the end of theresearch report.
A. author index
B. footnotes
C. appendices
D. bibliography
Discussion
D. bibliography
86. Copies of data collection instruments are included in …………….
A. references
B. appendices
C. bibiliography
D. footnotes
Discussion
B. appendices
87. …………. are numbered consecutively within each chapter or throughoutthe entire report.
A. references
B. bibiliography
C. footnotes
D. appendices
Discussion
C. footnotes
88. ………………. are statements of factual information based upon the dataanalysis.
A. findings
B. review
C. methodology
D. hypothesis
Discussion
A. findings
89. ……………… is a measure that occurs most frequently in a distribution.
A. mean
B. average
C. mode
D. median
Discussion
C. mode
90. ………………. is a positional average.
A. standard deviation
B. range
C. correlation
D. median
Discussion
D. median
91. ………… presentation is particularly useful when the prospective readersare non-technical people or general public
A. graphic
B. table
C. qualitative
D. quantitative
Discussion
A. graphic
92. …………. bar charts are commonly used for presenting time series data.
A. vertical
B. horizontal
C. component
D. circle
Discussion
A. vertical
93. ….… is an indepth comprehensive study of a person, unit, institution etc.
A. content analysis
B. observation method
C. case-study
D. focus group study
Discussion
C. case-study
94. ………… of research problem is the first and most important step in theresearch process.
A. formulating
B. designing
C. selecting
D. reporting
Discussion
A. formulating
95. ……………… is a way to systematically solve the research problem.
A. research design
B. research methodology
C. research planning
D. research discussion
Discussion
B. research methodology
96. …………… research aims at finding a solution for an immediate problemfacing a society.
A. applied
B. descriptive
C. qualitative
D. empirical
Discussion
A. applied
97. ………………….. is also known as arithmetic average
A. dispersion
B. range
C. quartile
D. mean
Discussion
D. mean
98. ………… provides the complete outline of the research report along withall details.
A. preliminary
B. body of the report
C. main text
D. methodology
Discussion
C. main text
99. _________ is defined as a tentative or working proposition suggested as asolution to a problem.
A. research
B. hypothesis
C. objective
D. concepts
Discussion
A. research
100. It essentially states that there is no relation between the variables of theproblem.
A. hypothesis
B. crude hypothesis
C. refines hypothesis
D. working
Discussion
D. working
101. __________ indicates a plan of action to be carried out in connection with aproposed research work.
A. research proposal
B. research abstract
C. research methodology
D. research design
Discussion
C. research methodology
102. __________ study which wants to determine the frequency of occurrence ofan event of its association with something.
A. descriptive
B. formulate
C. explorative
D. diagnostic
Discussion
B. formulate
103. This is an intensive and searching interview aiming at studying the
respondent’s opinion, emotions or convictions on the habits of an interview
guide.
A. clinical interview
B. depth interview
C. focused interview
D. directive interview
Discussion
A. clinical interview
104. _________ as a method of collecting primary data in which a number ofindividuals with a common interest interact with each other.
A. group interview
B. depth interview
C. direct interview
D. focused interview
Discussion
C. direct interview
105. __________ involve presentation of ambiguous stimuli to the respondentsfor interpretation.
A. psychological test
B. socio metric test
C. projective techniques
D. case study
Discussion
A. psychological test
106. ___________ leaves as a suggestive reference or prompter during interview.
A. interview guide
B. diary
C. field note
D. interview schedule
Discussion
C. field note
107. A __________question can be answered in one of the two responses
A. open type
B. closed type
C. dichotomous
D. multiple choice
Discussion
A. open type
108. __________ are those which are collected fresh and are original in character
A. primary data
B. secondary data
C. qualitative data
D. quantitative data
Discussion
A. primary data
109. _________ observation, the observer have been old specifically what is to beobserved
A. structured
B. controlled
C. discussed
D. participated
Discussion
C. discussed
110. it enable the researcher to relate logically known facts to intelligentguesses about unknown conditions.
A. research design
B. pre-test
C. hypothesis
D. pilot study
Discussion
B. pre-test
111. It enables the researcher to acquaint himself with current knowledge inthe field in which he is going to conduct his research.
A. social survey
B. review of literature
C. research proposal
D. research design
Discussion
B. review of literature
112. The _________ type of questionnaire calls for a free response in therespondent’s own words.
A. closed
B. open
C. structured
D. unstructured
Discussion
A. closed
113. _________ refers to a scale with a set of points which describes varyingdegrees of the dimensions of an attribute observed.
A. rating scale
B. check list
C. score card
D. observation
Discussion
B. check list
114. A ________ refers to any collection of specified group of human beings
A. sampling
B. population
C. random sampling
D. non probability sampling
Discussion
C. random sampling
115. _________ data are verbal or other symbolic materials
A. quantitative
B. primary
C. qualitative
D. secondary
Discussion
A. quantitative
116. _________ is directed towards the solution of a problem.
A. research
B. data collection
C. hypothesis
D. survey
Discussion
C. hypothesis
117. _________ research is directed towards the solution of immediate, specificand practical problem.
A. basic
B. diagnostic
C. applied
D. descriptive
Discussion
C. applied
118. Control is the essential ingredient of _________ method.
A. descriptive
B. diagnostic
C. experimental
D. explorative
Discussion
B. diagnostic
119. _________ method can be applied only where a high degree of precision isnot necessary.
A. case study
B. local correspondents
C. simple random questionnaire
D. mailed
Discussion
A. case study
120. A meeting of persons face to face especially for the purpose of formalconference on some point.
A. interview
B. observation
C. participant observation
D. projective techniques/ survey
Discussion
C. participant observation
121. Information that is represented usually as words, not numbers.
A. qualitative data
B. primary data
C. quantitative data
D. scientific data
Discussion
B. primary data
122. __________ research focuses primarly on the meaning of subjectiveattributes of individuals or groups.
A. quantitative
B. qualitative
C. social science
D. descriptive
Discussion
A. quantitative
123. It is a quantity that expresses a quantity in numbers to allow in numbersto allow more praise measurement.
A. variable
B. attribute
C. concept
D. definition
Discussion
C. concept
124. _________ are the most complete type of survey.
A. social survey
B. sampling
C. censuses
D. data collection
Discussion
A. social survey
125. A proposition which can be put to test to determine validity.
A. hypothesis
B. operational definition
C. data collection tool
D. research design
Discussion
B. operational definition
126. Information collected by the researcher for the purposes of the projectimmediately.
A. secondary data
B. primary data
C. qualitative data
D. quantitative data
Discussion
B. primary data
127. It is the collection of data concerning the living and working conditionalsof the people in a given community
A. sampling
B. social survey
C. case study
D. data collection
Discussion
B. social survey
128. It takes place with persons known to have been involved in particularconcrete situations.
A. personal interview
B. focused interview
C. depth interview
D. repeated interview
Discussion
A. personal interview
129. It is a verbal method of securing data in the field surveys.
A. interview
B. participant observation
C. questionnaire method
D. projective technique.
Discussion
C. questionnaire method
130. ________ implies a smaller representation of a larger whole.
A. survey
B. population
C. sample
D. census
Discussion
B. population
131. ________ as the conceptual structure with in which the research isconducted.
A. research proposal
B. research design
C. hypothesis
D. pilot study
Discussion
A. research proposal
132. A concept which can take on different quantitative values is called a _________.
A. variables
B. values
C. control groups
D. paradigm
Discussion
B. values
133. _________ method in the application of valid and reliable research methods.
A. experimental
B. scientific
C. survey
D. case-study
Discussion
A. experimental
134. ________ is a organised enquiry
A. research
B. investigation
C. survey
D. experiment
Discussion
B. investigation
135. A set of systematically related propositions specifying causal relationshipsamong variables.
A. research
B. theory
C. concept
D. hypothesis
Discussion
B. theory
136. __________ means basing conclusions on facts without any bias and valuejudgement.
A. subjectivity
B. objectivity
C. research
D. theory
Discussion
B. objectivity
137. Rorschach test comes under __________ projective techniques.
A. verbal
B. visual
C. expressive
D. audio
Discussion
B. visual
Research Methodology MCQ
1) Who was the author of the book named "Methods in Social Research"?
Kerlinger
CR Kothari
Goode and Hatt
Wilkinson
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Answer: c) Goode and Halt
Explanation: The book named "Methods in Social Research" was authored by Goode and Hatt on Dec 01, 1952, which was specifically aimed to improve student's knowledge as well as response skills.
2) What is the major attribute of Correlation Analysis?
Association among variables
Difference among variables
Regression among variables
Variations among variables
Hide Answer Workspace
Answer: a) Association among variables
Explanation: Mainly the correlational analysis focus on finding the association between one or more quantitative independent variables and one or more quantitative dependent variables.
3) What is the name of the conceptual framework in which the research is carried out?
Research hypothesis
Synopsis of Research
Research paradigm
Research design
Hide Answer Workspace
Answer: d) Research design
Explanation: A conceptual framework can be understood as a Research design that you require before research.
4) What is the main role of research in education?
To upsurge one's social status.
To increase one's job prospects.
To augment one's personal growth.
To help an applicant in becoming a renowned educationalist.
Show Answer Workspace
5) Which of the following features are considered as critical in qualitative research?
Collecting data with the help of standardized research tools.
Design sampling with probability sample techniques.
Collecting data with bottom-up empirical evidence.
Gathering data with top-down schematic evidence.
Hide Answer Workspace
Answer: c) Collecting data with bottom-up empirical evidence.
Explanation: In qualitative research, we use an inductive methodology that starts from particular to general. In other words, we study society from the bottom, then move upward to make the theories.
6) How is random sampling helpful?
Reasonably accurate
An economical method of data collection
Free from personal biases
All of the above
Hide Answer Workspace
Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: In random sampling, for each element of the set, there exist a possibility to get selected.
7) A research intends to explore the result of possible factors for the organization of effective mid-day meal interventions. Which research method will be most appropriate for this study?
Descriptive survey method
Historical method
Ex-post facto method
Experimental method
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Answer: c) Ex-post facto method
Explanation: Mainly in the ex-post facto method, the existing groups with qualities are compared on some dependent variable. It is also known as quasi-experimental for the fact that instead of randomly assigning the subjects, they are grouped on the basis of a particular characteristic or trait.
8) Tippit table refers to as _________
Table of random digits
The table used in sampling methods
The table used in statistical investigations
All of the above
Hide Answer Workspace
Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Tippit table was first published by L.H.C Tippett in 1927.
9) In order to pursue the research, which of the following is priorly required?
Developing a research design
Formulating a research question
Deciding about the data analysis procedure
Formulating a research hypothesis
Hide Answer Workspace
Answer: b) Formulating a research question
Explanation: Before starting with research, it is necessary to have a research question or a topic because once the problem is identified, then we can decide the research design.
10) The format of thesis writing is the same as in
Writing of Seminar representation
Preparation of research paper/article
A research dissertation
Presenting a workshop/conference paper
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Answer: c) A research dissertation
Explanation: The format of thesis writing is similar to that of a research dissertation, or we can simply say that dissertation is another word for a thesis.
11) Which one among the following statements is false in the context of participatory research?
It recognizes knowledge as power
It is a collective process of inquiry
It emphasizes people as experts
Its sole purpose is the production of knowledge
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Answer: d) Its sole purpose is the production of knowledge
Explanation: Participatory action research is a kind of research that stresses participation and action.
12) Which one among the following statement is true in the context of the testing of hypotheses?
It is only the alternative hypotheses that can be tested.
It is only the null hypotheses that can be tested.
Both the alternative and the null hypotheses can be tested.
Both the alternative and the null hypotheses cannot be tested.
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Answer: b) It is only the null hypothesis that can be tested.
Explanation: Hypotheses testing evaluates its plausibility by using sample data.
13) What are the conditions in which Type-I error occurs?
The null hypotheses get accepted even if it is false
The null hypotheses get rejected even if it is true
Both the null hypotheses as well as alternative hypotheses are rejected
None of the above
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Answer: b) The null hypotheses get rejected even if it is true
Explanation: The Type-I Error can be defined as the first kind of error.
14) Research and Development become the index of development of the country. Which of the following reasons are true with regards to this statement?
R&D targets human development
R&D can enhance people's standard of living in the country
R&D reflects the actual economic and social conditions being prevailed in the country
All the above
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Answer: d) All of the above.
Explanation: No explanation.
15) What does the longitudinal research approach actually deal with?
Long-term research
Short-term research
Horizontal research
None of the above
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Answer: a) Long-term research
Explanation: In general, the longitudinal approach is long-term research in which the researchers keep on examining similar individuals to detect if any change has occurred over a while.
16) What do you understand by the term "Anusandhan"?
Goal-oriented
Following an aim
Attaining an aim
Praying to achieve an aim
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Answer: b) Following an aim
Explanation: No explanation.
17) Evaluation Research is concerned with __________
How well are we doing?
Why are we doing?
What are we doing?
None of the above
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Answer: a) How well are we doing?
Explanation: Instead of focusing on the process, the evaluation research measures the consequences of the process, for example, if the objectives are met or not.
18) Which of the following does not correspond to characteristics of research?
Research is not passive
Research is systematic
Research is not a problem-oriented
Research is not a process
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Answer: d) Research is not a process
Explanation: Research is an inspired and systematic work that is undertaken by the researchers to intensify expertise.
19) Which of the following options are the main tasks of research in modern society?
To learn new things
To keep pace with the advancement in knowledge
To systematically examine and critically analyze the investigations/sources with the objective
All of the above
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Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Research is an inspired and systematic work that is undertaken by the researchers to intensify expertise.
20) What is the main aim of interdisciplinary research?
To over simplify the problem of research
To bring out the holistic approach to research
To create a new trend in research methodology
To reduce the emphasis on a single subject in the research domain
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Answer: b) To bring out the holistic approach to research
Explanation: Particularly in interdisciplinary research, it combines two or more hypothetical disciplines into one activity.
21) The main aim of the scientific method in the research field is to _________
Improve data interpretation
Confirm triangulation
Introduce new variables
Eliminate spurious relations
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Answer: d) Eliminate spurious relations
Explanation: Scientific research aims to build knowledge by hypothesizing new theories and discovering laws.
22) A researcher is interested in studying the prospects of a particular political party in an urban area. So, what tool should he prefer for the study?
Rating Scale
Interview
Questionnaire
Schedule
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Answer: c) Questionnaire
Explanation: Since it is an urban area, so there is a probability of literacy amongst a greater number of people. Also, there would be numerous questions over the ruling period of a political party, which cannot be simply answered by rating. The rating can only be considered if any political party has done some work, which is why the Questionnaire is used.
23) The conclusions/findings of which type of research cannot be generalized to other situations?
Casual Comparative Research
Historical Research
Descriptive Research
Experimental Research
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Answer: b) Historical Research
Explanation: One cannot generalize historical research in the USA, which has been done in India.
24) How to judge the depth of any research?
By research title
By research duration
By research objectives
By total expenditure on research
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Answer: c) By research objectives
Explanation: Research objectives concisely demonstrate what we are trying to achieve through the research.
25) Who can successfully conduct Research?
Someone who is a hard worker
Possesses post-graduation degree
Has studied research methodology
Possesses thinking and reasoning ability
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Answer: c) Has studied research methodology
Explanation: Anyone who has studied the research methodology can undergo the research.
26) Which of the following is not the method of Research?
Survey
Historical
Observation
Philosophical
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Answer: c) Observation
Explanation: Mainly the research method comprises strategies, processes or techniques that are being utilized to collect the data or evidence so as to reveal new information or create a better understanding of a topic.
27) A research problem is feasible only when
It has utility and relevance
It is new and adds something to knowledge
It is researchable
All of the above
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Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: A research problem can be defined as a statement about the area of interest, a condition that is required to be improved, a difficulty that has to be eradicated, or any disquieting question existing in scholarly literature, in theory, or in practice that points to be solved.
28) Circle graphs are used to show
How is one part related to other parts?
How various sections share in the whole?
How is one whole related to another whole?
How are various parts related to the whole?
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Answer: d) How are various parts related to the whole?
Explanation: A circle graph helps in visualizing information as well as the data.
29) Authenticity of a research finding is its
Validity
Objectivity
Originality
All of the above
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Answer: b) Objectivity
Explanation: No explanation.
30) Which one is called non-probability sampling?
Quota sampling
Cluster sampling
Systematic sampling
Stratified random sampling
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Answer: a) Quota sampling
Explanation: In non-probability sampling, all the members do not get an equal opportunity to participate in the study.
31) What does a good thesis involve?
a) Reducing punctuations as well as grammatical errors to minimalist
b) Correct reference citations
c) Consistency in the way of thesis writing
d) Well defined abstract
Select the answers from the codes given below:
b), c) and d)
a), b), c) and d)
a), b) and c)
a), b) and d)
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Answer: B. a), b), c) and d)
Explanation: All of the above.
32) Which one among the following statements is correct in context to research?
a) Research refers to a series of systematic activity or activities undertaken to find out the solution to a problem.
b) It is a systematic, logical and unbiased process wherein verification of hypotheses, data analysis, interpretation and formation of principles can be done.
c) It is an intellectual inquiry or quest towards truth,
d) It enhances knowledge.
Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
a), b), c) and d)
a), b) and c)
b), c) and d)
a), c) and d)
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Answer: A. a), b), c) and d)
Explanation: All of the above.
33) On what basis did Jean Piaget give his theory of cognitive development of humans?
Evaluation Research
Fundamental Research
Applied Research
Action Research
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Answer: b) Fundamental Research
Explanation: Jean Piaget, in his cognitive-developmental theory, proposed the idea that children can actively construct knowledge simply by exploring and manipulating the world around them.
34) What are the core elements of a dissertation?
Introduction; Data Collection; Data Analysis; Conclusions and Recommendations
Executive Summary; Literature Review; Data Gathered; Conclusions; Bibliography
Research Plan; Research Data; Analysis; References
Introduction; Literature Review; Research Methodology; Results; Discussions and Conclusions
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Answer: d) Introduction; Literature Review; Research Methodology; Results; Discussions and Conclusions
Explanation: The core elements of the dissertation are as follows:
Introduction; Literature Review; Research Methodology; Results; Discussions and Conclusions
35) "Sampling Cases" can be defined as
Sampling using a sampling frame
Identifying people who are suitable for research
Literally the researcher's brief case
A sampling of people, newspapers, television programs etc.
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Answer: d) A sampling of people, newspapers, television programs etc.
Explanation: In general, sampling in case study research involves decisions made by the researchers regarding the strategies of sampling, the number of case studies, and the definition of the unit of analysis.
36) Which technique is generally followed when the population is finite?
Systematic Sampling Technique
Purposive Sampling Technique
Area Sampling Technique
None of the above
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Answer: a) Systematic Sampling Technique
Explanation: Systematic sampling can be understood as a probability sampling method in which the members of the population are selected by the researchers at a regular interval.
37) Research problem is selected from the standpoint of
Social relevance
Financial support
Researcher's interest
Availability of relevant literature
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Answer: a) Social relevance
Explanation: No explanation.
38) The F-test:
Is essentially a two-tailed test.
Is essentially a one-tailed test.
Can be one-tailed as well as two-tailed depending on the hypotheses.
Can never be one tailed test.
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Answer: c) Can be one-tailed as well as two-tailed depending on the hypotheses
Explanation: An F-test corresponds to a statistical test in which the test statistic has an F-distribution under the null hypothesis.
39) Which one among the following is the most comprehensive source of population data?
Census
National Sample Surveys
Demographic Health Surveys
National Family Health Surveys
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Answer: a) Census
Explanation: Census is an official survey that keeps track of the population data.
40) The process not needed in experimental research is
Controlling
Observation
Reference collection
Manipulation and replication
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Answer: b) Observation
Explanation: No explanation.
41) What are those conditions where a research problem is not viable?
It is new and adds something to knowledge
It can be researched
It has utility and relevance
It contains dependent and independent variables
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Answer: d) It contains dependent and independent variables
Explanation: A research problem can be defined as a statement about the concerned area, a condition needed to be improved, a difficulty that has to be eliminated, or a troubling question existing in scholarly literature, in theory, or in practice pointing towards the need of delivering a deliberate investigation.
42) How can we enhance the research objective?
By making it more valid
By making it more reliable
By making it more impartial
All of the above
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Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: The research objectives must be concisely described before starting the research as it illustrates what we are going to achieve as an end result after the accomplishment.
43) Action-research can be understood as ___________
A longitudinal research
An applied research
A kind of research being carried out to solve a specific problem
All of the above
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Answer: c) A kind of research being carried out to solve a specific problem
Explanation: In general, action research is termed as a philosophy or a research methodology, which is implemented in social sciences.
44) On what basis can one formulate the assumptions?
The cultural background of the country
Universities
Some specific characteristics of castes
All of the above
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Answer: a) The cultural background of the country
Explanation: An assumption can be identified as an unexamined belief, which we contemplate without even comprehending it. Also, the conclusions that we draw are often based on assumptions.
45) Which one among the following falls under the category of research development?
Descriptive Research
Philosophical Research
Action Research
All of the above
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Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: No explanation.
46) What is the use of Factorial Analysis?
For setting the hypotheses
To understand the difference between two variables
To understand the relationship between two variables
To understand the difference between various variables
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Answer: b) To understand the difference between two variables
Explanation: Factor analysis can be understood as a statistical method that defines the variability between two variables in terms of factors, which are nothing but unobserved variables.
47) What is the best-suited name for a process that doesn't necessitate experimental research?
Manipulation
Controlling
Content analysis
Observation
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Answer: a) Manipulation
Explanation: In an experimental research design, whenever the independent variables (i.e., treatment variables or factors) decisively get altered by researchers, then that process is termed as an experimental manipulation.
48) Which one among the following variables cannot be expressed in quantitative terms?
Numerical Aptitude
Marital Status
Socio-economic Status
Professional Attitude
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Answer: d) Professional Attitude
Explanation: A professional attitude is an ability that inclines you to manage your time, portray a leadership quality, make you self-determined and persistent.
49) The "Sociogram" technique is used to study _________
Vocational Interest
Human Relations
Professional Competence
Achievement Motivation
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Answer: b) Human Relations
Explanation: The term sociogram can be defined as a graphical representation of human relation that portrays the social links formed by one particular person.
50) Which one among the following phrases does not correspond to the meaning of research as a process?
Problem Solving
Trial and Error
Objective Observation
Systematic Activity
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Answer: c) Objective Observation
Explanation: The research process comprises classifying, locating, evaluating, and investigating the data, which is required to support your research question, followed by developing and expressing your ideas.
